Issue 22, 2026, Issue in Progress
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RSC Advances

Deprotonation- and TICT-triggered ultra-large Stokes shift of aqueous NIR-emissive hydroxylstryryl-pyridinium derivatives

Xiaolong Lu,abc   Liyu Xiong,bc   Zhihan Zhang,bc   Haolong Yang,bc   Enmin Li ORCID logo *def  and  Hefeng Zhang ORCID logo *bc  

* Corresponding authors

a Marine Science Institute, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China

b Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
E-mail: hfzhang@stu.edu.cn

c GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Advanced Polymer Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China

d The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
E-mail: nmli@stu.edu.cn

e The Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Biology, Shantou Academy Medical Sciences, Shantou 515041, China

f Chaoshan Branch of State Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Shantou 515063, China

Abstract

Hydroxystyryl-pyridinium derivatives serving as fluorescent dyes with water-soluble conjugated skeletons exhibited remarkably large Stokes shifts of up to 404 nm and tunable deep-red to near-infrared (NIR) emissions, which are attributed to the enhanced charge transferring triggered by excited-state deprotonation of the phenol group and twist intramolecular charge transfer.

Graphical abstract: Deprotonation- and TICT-triggered ultra-large Stokes shift of aqueous NIR-emissive hydroxylstryryl-pyridinium derivatives

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA02237E
Article type
Paper
Submitted
17 Mar 2026
Accepted
08 Apr 2026
First published
14 Apr 2026
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2026,16, 19620-19625

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Deprotonation- and TICT-triggered ultra-large Stokes shift of aqueous NIR-emissive hydroxylstryryl-pyridinium derivatives

X. Lu, L. Xiong, Z. Zhang, H. Yang, E. Li and H. Zhang, RSC Adv., 2026, 16, 19620 DOI: 10.1039/D6RA02237E

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