Microwave-assisted, acetic acid-catalyzed, metal-free synthesis of 5H-pyrazino[2,3-b]indoles via sequential C–C and C–N bond formation

Abstract

This study introduces a synthetic method to obtain 5H-pyrazino[2,3-b]indoles through acetic acid catalyzed C–C coupling under microwave irradiation. This technique offers mild conditions as well as short reaction times and efficient product formation. A sustainable process for the production of diverse complicated nitrogen-containing heterocycles is highlighted, which paves the way for further developments in synthetic organic chemistry.