High-Stability Ce-TiO2 Catalyst for the Self-Condensation of Cyclopentanone

Abstract

In this study, the effects of different modifiers (Ce, La, and Mo) on the catalytic performance of TiO₂ were investigated. Among them, Ce-TiO₂ catalyst exhibited the highest activity due to its appropriate acid-base properties. By comparing the catalytic performance with TiO₂ and CeO₂, it could be concluded that CeO₂ incorporation significantly improved the catalytic performance of TiO₂. The investigation of the effect of Ce addition further confirmed that the total acid amount was positively correlated with catalytic activity, while the total base amount was positively correlated with selectivity. Under optimized conditions, a cyclopentanone conversion of 86.0 % was achieved, with 2-cyclopentylidenecyclopentanone selectivity and yield reaching 95.6 % and 82.2 %, respectively. Moreover, Ce-TiO₂ demonstrated good reusability, maintaining its catalytic performance over five cycles. Intrinsic kinetic studies revealed activation energies of 75.82 kJ•mol^-1 and 78.68 kJ•mol^-1 for the forward and backward reactions, respectively.