Biomolecular Interaction and Diffusion of Curcumin-Loaded Carbon Dot in Live Cell: Implications to Drug Delivery

Abstract

Drug delivery systems for transporting hydrophobic drugs are of considerable importance for targeting molecules to specific sites of live cells. Carbon Dots (CDs) are a promising choice as a drug delivery system because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, and better stability for improving cellular uptake. Synthesis of drug-loaded CDs using a greener approach and applications in biology has attracted considerable attention nowadays. Here, we report an eco-friendly method of synthesis of CDs and their application to carry hydrophobic drug, curcumin in live cells. In addition, the molecular interactions of curcumin-loaded CDs (C-CDs) with partially unfolded BSA were demonstrated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Real-time diffusion dynamics and cellular uptake kinetics of C-CDs are studied by Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy (RICS) and live-cell imaging, respectively. Antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxicity of C-CDs are determined from MTT-based assay and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) analysis. Our findings provided a greater insight into the integrated application of C-CDs for drug delivery and bioimaging.