Tuning field amplitude to minimise heat-loss variability in magnetic hyperthermia

Abstract

In this work, we theoretically investigate how shape‑induced anisotropy dispersion and magnetic field amplitude jointly control both the magnitude and heterogeneity of heating in magnetite nanoparticle assemblies under AC magnetic fields. Using real‑time Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert simulations with thermal fluctuations, and a macrospin model that includes both the intrinsic cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy and a shape‑induced uniaxial contribution, we analyze shape‑polydisperse systems under clinically and technologically relevant field conditions. We show that for relatively large particles, around 25 to 30 nm, the relative dispersion of local (single‑particle) losses exhibits a well‑defined minimum at moderate field amplitudes -between 4 to 12 mT-, hence identifying an optimal operating regime that minimizes heating heterogeneity while maintaining substantial power dissipation. The position of this critical field depends mainly on particle size and excitation frequency, and only weakly on shape dispersion, offering practical guidelines for improving heating uniformity in realistic MFH systems.