Mechanoredox radical annulation for the solvent-free synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiophenes
Abstract
A mechanoredox-enabled radical annulation under ball-milling conditions affords 2-substituted benzothiophenes 3 from 2-(methylthio)benzenediazonium salts 1 and alkynes 2. Mechanical energy drives single-electron transfer without photoredox or electrochemical systems, providing a practical and environmentally benign approach to heterocycle synthesis.

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