Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Colorimetric Sensing Applications

Abstract

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess high porosity, chemical stability, and chemical/structural tunability, making them versatile platforms for colorimetric sensing. This review highlights their applications for the detection of acids and bases, aqueous ions, biomolecules, and volatile and gasesous analytes, discussing the mechanisms of colorimetric response, including host-guest interactions, post-synthetic functional modification, and analyte-induced structural changes. Insights gained from these studies provide guidance for the rational design and fabrication of nextgeneration MOF colorimetric sensors with enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.