Defect passivation of perovskites for higher efficiency and enhanced stability: applications in solar cells, photoluminescence, and photocatalysis

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites have gained great attention for their distinctive photoelectrical properties. However, their sensitivity to some stability stressors has reduced their performance in many fields. The generation of defects has been considered a major contributor to the degradation and low performance of perovskites. Therefore, numerous passivation strategies have been proposed to mitigate the adverse effects of defects. In this review, we present various methods for passivating defects in perovskites, including polymer passivation, bulky organic cations, Lewis acid-base interactions, and metal cations. The effects of passivation on enhancing device performance and improving stability were also discussed. Finally, an outlook is presented to propose novel passivation approaches, especially in photocatalytic applications.