Designing the tungsten sulfide blended perovskite anchored carbon nanotube composites for the high-performance supercapacitor

Abstract

Perovskite-type oxides are considered promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their excellent ion intercalation and exchange capabilities. However, their practical application is hindered by intrinsically poor electrical conductivity, limited electroactive sites, and rapid surface redox reactions, which collectively result in low power density and inadequate cycling stability. To overcome these limitations, we integrated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with perovskite-based composites to enhance electrical conductivity, create additional active edges, improve mass transfer characteristics, and achieve exceptional electrochemical stability within an environmentally benign material architecture. Herein, we report a rational design and hydrothermal synthesis of ternary WS₂/MgFeO₃-CNT (WMC) hybrid composites, wherein MgFeO₃ nanoparticles are uniformly anchored on WS₂ nanoflakes and integrated within a conductive CNT scaffold. By systematically varying the CNT content, we identified the optimized WMC-2 composition, which exhibited remarkable electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 420 C/g at 1 A/g and excellent cycling stability, retaining 93% of its initial capacity after 5000 consecutive charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor device assembled with WMC-2 and activated carbon (WMC-2//AC) delivered a high energy density of 47 Wh/kg at a power density of 2250 W/kg in 6 M KOH electrolyte, along with outstanding long-term durability (89% capacity retention after 5000 cycles). These findings demonstrate the significant potential of WMC hybrid electrodes for advanced energy storage applications, offering a promising pathway for developing high-performance supercapacitors through rational multicomponent design.