How to fast grow high-quality lead halide perovskite single crystals in solution?

Abstract

Lead halide perovskite single crystals (LHPSCs) featuring a grain boundary-free structure exhibit unique optoelectronic properties and attract widespread attention in recent research on perovskites. Depending on shallow defect dominance and low crystalline formation energy, LHPSCs are able to maintain superior crystal quality even in rapid solution growth processes compared to strict growth control for traditional semiconductors. This distinctive crystal fabrication-performance compatibility provides an ingenious opportunity for scaling up perovskite single crystal fabrication from laboratory prototypes to practical applications. Herein, the solution-growth strategies, as well as corresponding crystallization thermodynamics and kinetics of LHPSCs, are first discussed. We further summarize the latest progress in the fast solution growth regulation of LHPSCs and put forward the development perspective based on the current challenges. This study aims to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of crystalline growth rate and advance the fast solution fabrication of high-quality LHPSCs.