Hierarchically Confined FeNiCoMn Alloy Nanoparticles Enable Durable Bifunctional Air Cathodes for Zinc-Air Batteries

Abstract

Agglomeration and instability of multi-metal nanoparticles remain major challenges in developing durable, non-noble-metal catalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries. We report FeNiCoMn multimetal alloy confined within nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes anchored on carbon nanofibers. This work demonstrates that hierarchical confinement combined with multi-metal electronic modulation provides an effective strategy for stabilizing alloy nanoparticles and engineering efficient bi-functional air cathodes.