Interfacial Design Strategies Using Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Comprehensive Review for Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

Modifying the battery interface to improve stability, performance, and suppress side reactions has been a long-standing goal. Although there are many candidates, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered particular attention owing to their unique porous structure, tunability, and multifunctionality. By these characteristics, MOFs could contribute to regulating the diffusion path of carrier ions, mitigating undesired reactions, as well as stabilizing the interfaces. Therefore, MOFs have been increasingly explored as functional layers and host materials for lithium-ion, lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, and aqueous zinc-ion batteries. However, challenges remain regarding their structural stability, compatibility, and scalability under realistic operating conditions. This review aims to highlight critical side reactions at the interface, summarize previous research efforts addressing these issues, and offer promising strategies for further development.