Rapid Miniaturized Electrochemical Biosensor based on Screen-printed Technology for Early-Stage Taurine Detection through Manganese Molybdenum Nanosheets and Bionicimprinted Nanofilms

Abstract

Taurine, an important osmotic regulator and neuromodulator in the brain, is widely recognized as a novel biomarker for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases because of its cytoprotective and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, developing accurate and reliable detection methods for low concentrations of taurine are crucial for health monitoring and research into its biological toxicity under pathological conditions. This work presents the development of sensitive and cost-effective electrochemical biosensors for taurine detection that use manganese molybdate nanomaterials on nickel foam integrated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The chemical and morphological characteristics of the above materials were evaluated via X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This electrochemical biosensor has a notably low detection limit of 0.2 nM (S/N=3). Additionally, this biosensor presents two wide-ranging linear response ranges, from 0.6 nM to 90 nM and from 90 nM to 22 μM, for taurine determination. In addition, the biosensor exhibited high binding affinity and selectivity for taurine, with excellent reproducibility and stability. The reliability of this biosensor for taurine detection was assessed through testing on real samples. This investigation reveals the potential of the proposed biosensor for rapid, precise, and selective detection of taurine, contributing to the monitoring of neurotransmitters and biological samples.