The effects of the technological setup of plastic waste pyrolysis on its environmental performance

Abstract

Pyrolysis currently emerges as a promising technology capable of treating mixed plastic waste that is otherwise unsuitable for mechanical recycling. However, its large-scale adoption requires a comprehensive understanding of its environmental impacts based on different technology setups. This study uses life cycle assessment (LCA) to compare different pyrolysis configurations, varying in operational parameters such as maximizing or managing process gas. The results reveal a high variability of environmental impacts across configurations. Sensitivity analysis further indicates that a shift towards renewable energy sources has a potential to enhance the overall environmental performance of pyrolysis. Presented findings emphasize the need to carefully select pyrolysis process parameters when considering scale-up and integration into waste management strategies. The study thus provides insights for decision-makers evaluating pyrolysis as an environmentally sound plastic waste treatment solution.