Carbon-based materials for more reliable solid-state Li batteries

Abstract

Solid-state Li batteries (SSLBs) exhibiting high energy density and high safety have been considered the most promising energy storage devices for future applications. However, issues including inadequate interfacial compatibility, insufficient properties of solid electrolytes, and dendrite growth on Li anodes hinder their practical applications. The multi-functional features of carbon-based materials, particularly their inherent attributes of high electronic conductivity and lightweight characteristics combined with tunable structural configurations and surface chemistries, have shown significant potential and attracted growing attention for addressing critical challenges in the application of SSLBs. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the state-of-the-art applications of carbon-based materials in SSLBs, focusing on their special effects on more stable cathodes, more effective solid-state electrolytes and dendrite-free Li anodes. The primary mechanisms underlying their functions of resolving interfacial issues, constructing high-performance solid-state electrolytes, and developing dendrite-free Li anodes to address the current challenges in SSLBs are further discussed and systematically elucidated. Finally, the persistent challenges in fully utilizing carbon-based materials to enhance solid-state batteries are presented, along with perspectives and suggestions for future development of carbon-based materials toward more reliable SSLBs.