MXene-Derived Nanostructures: Pioneering Anodes for Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

To keep up with the demands of energy storage applications, lithium-ion batteries (LIB) and sodium-ion batteries (SIB) must advance with the development of high-performance anode materials. Nanostructures formed from MXene have become attractive options among other materials because of their exceptional electrical conductivity, adjustable surface chemistry, and distinctive layered structures. Anode materials based on MXene, including MXene-carbon composites, silicon-based hybrids, and metal oxide blends, are thoroughly examined in this study along with their synthesis techniques, structural characteristics, and electrochemical performance. Cycling stability and rate capabilities can be improved by these hybrid structures, which also increase charge storage efficiency and alleviate volume expansion concerns. Ion diffusion is also improved. They were already promising prospects for next-gen energy storage devices, but recent developments in heterostructure creation, functional surface modifications, and interfacial engineering have greatly improved their electrochemical characteristics. More investigation into optimizing synthesis, ensuring electrolyte compatibility, and making structural adjustments is required since problems including MXene restacking, surface oxidation, and poor long-term stability persist. Scopes for future research include optimizing the surface functionalization of MXenes for enhanced electrochemical stability, creating scalable synthesis techniques, and combining MXenes with new battery chemistries. Insights into the present state and potential future of anodes generated from MXene for LIBs and SIBs are offered in this review, which helps to advance technologies for high-performance energy storage.