An efficient synthetic method for cage-like energetic frameworks with high-energy density and appropriate oxygen balance.

Abstract

Organic cage-like 3D frameworks can serve as crucial skeletons for the development of prospective energetic materials due to their high inherent density, symmetrical structure, and excellent designability. Herein, we present an efficient synthesis method for all bridge carbon substituted polynitroheteroadamantanes and structural isomers for the first time. A series of novel energetic compounds (1~5) containing five or six explosophoric groups with four distinct frameworks (adamantane, proadamantane, homonoradamantane and twistane) were synthesized. All the five compounds have high density (ρ > 1.85 g·cm−3) and excellent detonation performance (D > 8500 m·s-1，P > 34 GPa). In addition, they all have reasonable oxygen balance (OBco > 10%), which is superior to that of classical high explosive RDX (OBco = 0%). Furthermore, constructing the cage-like frameworks within two synthetic steps represents a significant advancement in the synthesis of cage-like compounds. This efficient synthetic method is characteristic of concise route, time efficiency and excellent molecule diversity of the raw material. These fascinating properties show that they have great promise for potential applications as high-energy density materials.