Synergistic intercalation–conversion reaction mechanism in Prussian blue analogue materials toward enhanced Na-storage

Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems owing to the abundant and low-cost sodium resources. Among various cathode materials, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) show great promise due to their three-dimensional open framework and easy synthesis process. However, critical challenges including limited electron transfer, blocked electronic pathways between particles, excessive lattice water content, and structural instability during cycling significantly compromise their electrochemical performance. Herein, we have developed a lead hexacyanoferrate/carbon nanotube composite (PbHCF/CNTs) through rational interface design to improve the electrochemical performance. The PbHCF/CNTs electrode exhibits a four-electron transfer capacity based on the redox reaction of Pb0/2+ through a reversible intercalation–conversion mechanism. This innovative configuration delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 161.8 mA h g−1 at 20 mA g−1 and good cycling stability with 95.8 mA h g−1 retained after 250 cycles at 100 mA g−1 (64% capacity retention), along with enhanced structural reversibility confirmed by operando XRD analysis. This innovative approach provides a new design concept for high-capacity Prussian blue analogue cathode materials in the realm of high-performance SIBs and beyond.

Graphical abstract: Synergistic intercalation–conversion reaction mechanism in Prussian blue analogue materials toward enhanced Na-storage

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
26 Apr 2025
Accepted
09 Jul 2025
First published
10 Jul 2025
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2025, Advance Article

Synergistic intercalation–conversion reaction mechanism in Prussian blue analogue materials toward enhanced Na-storage

N. Liu, X. Wang, J. Liu, N. Liu and L. Wang, Chem. Sci., 2025, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D5SC03041B

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