Preparation process of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber: a review

Abstract

To investigate the preparation process of high-performance pitch-based carbon fibers, researchers have systematically analyzed the key stages involved, including the characterization of mesophase pitch, melt spinning, stabilization (pre-oxidation), carbonization, and graphitization. This paper provides a comparative evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of each process step, discusses strategies for process optimization, highlights critical operational considerations, and examines improvements in experimental equipment. In addition, targeted optimization strategies are proposed. The comprehensive analysis presented herein offers a complete experimental framework that enhances efficiency, reduces costs, improves safety, and ultimately boosts the performance of the final carbon fiber products. This work aims to serve as a valuable theoretical reference for researchers in related fields.