A zero-dimensional (C6H9N2)3[BiCl6] hybrid material: synthesis and structural, optical, and electrical conductivity

Abstract

The organic–inorganic hybrid compounds have attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional properties and diverse applications. This study successfully synthesized the hybrid compound (C₆H₉N₂)₃[BiCl₆] via a slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Structural analysis confirmed a triclinic crystal system within the P space group, while thermal investigations revealed a phase transition at 420 K. Optical characterization through UV-visible absorption spectroscopy highlighted its semiconducting nature. Electrical and dielectric measurements performed using complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) demonstrated a strong dependence on both frequency and temperature. Nyquist plots (-Z′′ vs. Z′) exhibited a single semicircular arc, indicative of non-Debye relaxation behavior. The AC conductivity exhibits behavior consistent with Jonscher's universal power law, while temperature-dependent analysis indicates that the correlated barrier-hopping (CBH) model governs the predominant conduction mechanism. Notably, the material exhibits a high dielectric constant, underscoring its potential for energy storage applications.