Ipso nitration in organic synthesis

Abstract

Ipso reaction is a class of nitration reactions that involve the concerted movement of multiple atoms in a transition state. Nitro structures are vital intermediates in synthetic organic chemistry and related industries. This method has been introduced in the preparation of NO₂-containing structures with a wide range of leaving groups such as –B(OH)₂, –CO₂H, –SO₃H, –OR, –R, –X, –CHO, –COMe, –CO₂Me, –MR₃ and –BF₃K. Ipso nitration reactions have an essential impact on the synthesis of complex organic molecules and have been widely studied and utilized in organic chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and mechanisms underlying ipso reactions, highlighting their significance in contemporary organic chemistry.