Facile synthesis of ZnO/CuO/rGO nanohybrid for nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor

Abstract

In this study, a ZnO/CuO/rGO nanohybrid was synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The resulting nanohybrid was characterized through various methods, including UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, and FE-SEM. The electrochemical characteristics of the sensor were examined using CV and amperometric techniques. To create the sensing electrode, the synthesized nanohybrid was applied to a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via the drop-coating process. The ZnO/CuO/rGO-modified GCE demonstrated excellent electrocatalytic characteristics for glucose oxidation in an alkaline environment. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical glucose sensor modified with ZnO/CuO/rGO/GCE exhibited a broad linear range (2–10 mM), impressive sensitivity (5660 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²), a low detection limit (0.54 μM), and a rapid response time (3 s) for glucose detection. Moreover, the developed method displayed good repeatability (RSD = 3.8%) and stability, demonstrating its reliability.