Issue 18, 2025, Issue in Progress

Development of sulfonated polystyrene resin-supported tungsten oxide for Pb2+ ion sequestration

Abstract

A sulfonated polystyrene resin-supported tungsten oxide (SO3-PSWO) was synthesized and evaluated for its efficiency in removing lead (Pb2+) from aqueous solutions. Morphology, phase purity, structural properties, thermal stability, and elemental composition of SO3-PSWO, are evaluated using SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and CHNS analyzers. The ICP-OES technique was utilized for quantitative measurements of the Pb2+ ions. The influence of key parameters such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, metal ion concentration, temperature, and interference of competing ions on Pb2+ removal is systematically investigated. Under optimum conditions (pH 3.5–5.5), SO3-PSWO achieved a maximum Pb2+ removal efficiency of 99.7% within one hour and demonstrated an exceptional adsorption capacity of 386 mg g−1, as described by the Langmuir isotherm model. Kinetic analysis revealed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, highlighting chemisorption as the predominant process. Thermodynamic studies indicated an exothermic and spontaneous adsorption behavior. With its easy synthesis, cost-effectiveness, rapid kinetics, high adsorption capacity, and superior efficiency, SO3-PSWO emerges as a promising material for the remediation of Pb2+ contamination in water treatment applications.

Graphical abstract: Development of sulfonated polystyrene resin-supported tungsten oxide for Pb2+ ion sequestration

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Feb 2025
Accepted
17 Apr 2025
First published
01 May 2025
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2025,15, 14158-14169

Development of sulfonated polystyrene resin-supported tungsten oxide for Pb2+ ion sequestration

K. Khaliq, M. A. Raza Anjum, S. Shahida, R. Akhtar, A. Khan, M. A. Shafiq, I. Rafiq, M. Rehan, R. N. Qureshi, S. Iqbal, J. Yun and M. Saifullah, RSC Adv., 2025, 15, 14158 DOI: 10.1039/D5RA01017A

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