Recent Advances in Nanozyme-Based Materials for Environmental Detection and Remediation

Abstract

Natural enzymes inevitably suffered from inherent limitations including low stability, high cost, sensitive catalytic activity toward environmental stimuli, and difficulty to recycle and reuse. To address these limitations, a number of enzymes mimics, particularly nanozymes have been widely explored as superior candidates to mimic natural enzymes because of their low cost, high stability, flexibility and controllable catalytic activity. Because of their outstanding physicochemical properties, nanozymes have demonstrated widespread applications, ranging from disease diagnosis and treatment, antibacterial agents, chemical sensing, to environmental pollutant monitoring and remediation. The review summaries recent progress in design and fabrication of nanozyme-based materials, the catalytic mechanisms and their application for environmental detection and remediation. The present challenges and perspective are discussed for the development of high-efficiency, high-selectivity, good stability, multifunctional nanozyme material systems and the expansion of their real-world applicability in environmental fields, greatly inspiring more brand-new research directions in this emerging area.