Recent Advances in Three-Component Synthesis of Difluorinated Compounds

Abstract

The three-component reaction offers a convenient method for synthesizing difluorinated compounds. In this review, we classify and discuss synthetic methodologies over the past decade (2014–2024) into three categories: (a) Radical reactions; (b) Difluorocarbene-mediated fluorination; (c) Other types, including nucleophilic and electrophilic fluorine reagents. Various reagents such as AgF, pyridine·9HF, Selectfluor II, TMSCF3, TMSCF2Br, TMSCF2PO(OEt)2, RCF3, (CFCO)2O, ClCF2H, ClCF2CO2Na, CF2HSO2Na, [Ph3PCF2H]Br, ClCF2Cl, BrCF2R, ICF2COAr, and BrCF2CO2Et will be discussed.