MoS2-nanoparticle-blended PAN composite membrane for enhanced removal of Pb–EDTA via H2O2 activation: synergistic decomplexation and adsorption

Abstract

The efficient removal of Pb–EDTA from wastewater remains challenging. MoS₂ nanomaterials can simultaneously decomplex metal complexes and adsorb free metal ions via catalytic and adsorption processes, yet their application is limited by agglomeration and difficult recovery. Herein, 1T-MoS₂ nanoparticles were immobilized in a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane through a simple blending method, achieving uniform dispersion and enhanced stability. The resulting 1T-MoS₂/PAN (TMP) membrane exhibited improved hydrophilicity and water permeability. Adsorption experiments highlight the considerable potential of TMP in the removal of free Pb²⁺ ions; however, challenges persist in the effective elimination of complexed metal species through adsorption alone. Consequently, a TMP/H₂O₂ system was developed, which markedly enhanced the removal efficiency of Pb–EDTA, achieving a lead removal rate of 97.37%. The system also demonstrated strong resistance to interfering ions and maintained high performance over five cycles. Dynamic filtration experiments validated the practical applicability of TMP in real-world engineering scenarios by processing approximately 300 L m⁻² of Pb–EDTA wastewater. Notably, upon achieving steady-state operation, the effluent lead concentrations consistently remained below 0.1 mg L⁻¹, complying with more stringent regulatory standards. This work presents a strategically designed TMP membrane that combines the decomplexation and adsorption functions of MoS₂ with the practical advantages of membrane technology, offering a promising solution for treating wastewater containing complexed heavy metals.