Issue 26, 2025

Superior pseudocapacitive performance of a nanocomposite of graphdiyne nanoflakes decorated with poly(4-chloroaniline)

Abstract

To enhance energy production and storage through cost-effective and less hazardous means in energy storage systems, particularly electrochemical pseudocapacitors, a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial of graphdiyne (GDY) is utilized. A nanocomposite comprising segments of GDY nanoflakes combined with a conductive poly(para-chloroaniline) polymer was synthesized. Both the GDY nanoflakes and the nanocomposite were synthesized electrochemically and characterized. The nanocomposite synthesized at neutral pH included wrinkled sheets of 0.34 ± 0.07 μm2 area and 17 ± 5 nm thickness with a uniform polymer layer coating the surface of GDY nanoflakes. However, some impurities originated from the synthesis precursors. Both the GDY nanoflakes and the nanocomposite represented signatures of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C, C–H, and C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C bonds of benzene rings, indicating the presence of a two-dimensional structure with sp–sp2 carbon links having characteristic hexagons of a graphene structure with diynyl links having a well-developed network. At a current density of 25 mA g−1, the nanocomposite represented a specific capacitance of 546 F g−1, a specific capacity of 500 C g−1, and an energy density of 127.1 W h kg−1. At a current density of 0.25 A g−1, the nanocomposite also maintained ∼98% of the initial capacitance over 5000 charge–discharge cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the nanocomposite represented signatures of a redox reaction(s) and a finite length diffusion process, followed by charge accumulation at the nanocomposite/electrolyte interface. The findings confirm that the nanocomposite has great potential for application as a pseudocapacitor electrode material.

Graphical abstract: Superior pseudocapacitive performance of a nanocomposite of graphdiyne nanoflakes decorated with poly(4-chloroaniline)

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
01 May 2025
Accepted
22 May 2025
First published
18 Jun 2025

Nanoscale, 2025,17, 15889-15904

Superior pseudocapacitive performance of a nanocomposite of graphdiyne nanoflakes decorated with poly(4-chloroaniline)

A. Parsa, H. Khajehsharifi and H. Heli, Nanoscale, 2025, 17, 15889 DOI: 10.1039/D5NR01791B

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