Quantum and Critical Casimir Effects: Bridging Fluctuation Physics and Nanotechnology

Abstract

Fluctuation-induced forces, primarily represented by quantum and critical Casimir effects, play a pivotal role at the nanoscale. This review explores the theoretical and experimental landscapes of these forces, offering a comprehensive analysis of their similarities and distinctions. We emphasize the effects of material properties, geometry, and external stimuli in controlling the magnitude of these forces and their roles in various nanoscale systems, both colloidal and solid-state. We devote special attention to the Casimir torque, the influence of magnetism on the Casimir force, and the use of Casimir effects for the fabrication of optical resonators. Through this study, we elucidate the underlying physics of fluctuation phenomena, fostering insights that advance applications in nanomechanics, optomechanics, and quantum technologies.