Pt cluster catalysts on N-doped carbon for an efficient formic acid oxidation reaction

Abstract

Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) represent a promising energy conversion technology characterized by high efficiency and environmental compatibility. Nevertheless, operational constraints persist, including insufficient catalytic activity during anodic formic acid oxidation and limited tolerance to CO intermediates. Consequently, designing advanced catalytic systems with improved CO resistance remains a crucial research focus. This work systematically explores the electrocatalytic performance of Pt nanoclusters supported on Mo and N-modified carbon matrices for the formic acid oxidation reaction. Comprehensive material characterization was achieved through X-ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy observations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, and cyclic voltammetric evaluations. Electrochemical assessments were conducted in an Ar-saturated mixture of 0.1 M HClO₄ and 0.5 M HCOOH under ambient conditions. Comparative analyses with Pt/C, in-house synthesized Pt/Mo–N–C, and commercial catalysts reveal that the Pt/Mo–N–C composite demonstrates significantly enhanced catalytic activity and CO tolerance. The methodology developed herein offers a generalizable approach for fabricating diverse electrocatalytic materials.