Proteomic and metabolomic dissection of the BRAF V600E mutation-induced cellular state transition in the lung epithelial cells

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer, and 4% of NSCLC patients are reported to harbor mutations in BRAF, which encodes a serine/threonine kinase capable of activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. However, the role and effect of BRAF mutation in NSCLC or lung lineage cells are not fully understood. To mimic the naturally occurring BRAF V600E mutation in lung cancer, a BRAF V600E knock-in BEAS-2B cell model was established using CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Although the BRAF V600E mutation alone was not sufficient to drive lung carcinogenesis, it induced remarkable changes in cellular migration capacity and tumorigenic potential. Proteomics analysis revealed significant changes in the proteins involved in the biological processes including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, focal adhesion, and cell metabolism upon BRAF V600E mutation. Untargeted metabolomics experiments revealed that amino acid metabolism, especially the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, was significantly modulated in BRAF V600E knock-in cells. In summary, our present study provides a new isogenic cell model that allows us to systematically dissect the underlying molecular events involved in the transition of cellular states upon the introduction of the BRAF V600E mutation.