Large Area Close-Space Sublimation Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a remarkable efficiency and versatility in fabrication methods. In this work, we present methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) perovskite films deposited using a large area close-space sublimation (CSS) technique. The large area CSS system used here enables the simultaneous conversion of multiple samples under moderate vacuum conditions (1 mbar), offering a scalable and simple alternative to other high-vacuum techniques. The perovskite films have large grains and uniformly cover the substrate. These CSS prepared films lead to solar cells with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.8%. The solar cells have extraordinary stability, they retain 90 % of their initial efficiency after operating for 1000 hours at their maximum power point at 75 °C and 1 sun illumination. The results highlight the potential of the CSS method to produce high-quality perovskite films with a scalable and simple method.