Strategy for tuning luminescence properties of metal halide hybrid materials: ion regulation

Abstract

Metal halide hybrid materials exhibit significant potential in optoelectronics owing to their tunable band structures, high photoluminescence quantum yields, and structural diversity with tunable topologies. This highlight systematically elaborates on the mechanisms and advances in tuning luminescence properties through ion regulation strategy. Initially, it deciphers three dominant emission mechanisms, self-trapped exciton (STE) emission, intrinsic defect emission, and characteristic ion emission, highlighting the critical role of electron-phonon coupling strength in modulating STE efficiency. Key strategies include: B-site cation design for spectral tuning; heterometallic co-doping for white-light/excitation-dependent emission; and halide/organic cation synergy to boost radiative efficiency. Applications span stimuli-responsive sensors, efficient electroluminescent devices, high-resolution scintillators, and CPL systems. Future challenges focus on lead-free alternatives, multicomponent structure-property relationships, and device stability for next-gen luminescent materials.