One-step synthesis of rutile TiO2 nanorod clusters for high-rate sodium-ion storage

Abstract

Rutile TiO₂ nanorod clusters with a rod width of ∼15 nm are simply synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method from low-cost raw materials, e.g., CaTiO₃ and BaTiO₃. Compared with TiO₂ nanoparticles, densely packed TiO₂ nanorod clusters exhibit a pseudocapacitive sodium-ion storage mechanism, achieving superior rate capability, volumetric capacity, and cycling stability.