Pyrochlore Bi2Sn2O7 photocatalysts: A systematic review on performance tuning and multifunctional applications

Abstract

Given the limitations of traditional photocatalysts in terms of light absorption range and carrier recombination rate, Bi2Sn2O7 (BSO) has attracted widespread attention due to its unique crystal structure, tunable band characteristics, and defect-rich chemistry. This review systematically summarizes progress on pyrochlore-type oxide BSO-based photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. We start with methods for BSO materials preparation and its growth mechanism exploration. Then, different strategies, such as morphology control, elemental doping, heterostructure construction, metal deposition, defect engineering, have been summarized to tune the photocatalytic performance of BSO by addressing the main issues of poor charge separation efficiency and sluggish surface reaction kinetics. Furthermore, advancements of BSO-based photocatalysts in versatile photocatalytic applications are discussed with the emphasize of structure-activity relationship, including hydrogen evolution reactions, nitrogen fixation, CO2 reduction, H2O2 generation, organic pollutant degradation, sterilization, and nitric oxide removal. Finally, the current challenges and future development prospects in BSO-based photocatalysts are also presented to produce new opportunities for future research.