Optical sensing of imidacloprid via target-induced in situ assembly of poly-horseradish peroxidase clusters

Abstract

A novel optical amplification strategy based on target recycling and in situ assembly of poly-horseradish peroxidase clusters was devised. The method achieves a detection limit of 1.26 pg mL⁻¹ for imidacloprid and successfully allowed imidacloprid detection in real food samples, highlighting its enormous potential for point-of-care testing of trace pesticides.