C–H bond activation of fluorene over a TiO2 photocatalyst by ligand-to-metal charge transfer under visible light irradiation

Keisuke Yoshida; Atsuhiro Tanaka; Hiroshi Kominami

doi:10.1039/D5CC01436K

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C–H bond activation of fluorene over a TiO₂ photocatalyst by ligand-to-metal charge transfer under visible light irradiation†

Keisuke Yoshida,^a Atsuhiro Tanaka

^b and Hiroshi Kominami

*^b

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Molecular and Material Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan

^b Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
E-mail: hiro@apch.kindai.ac.jp

Abstract

A novel approach for additive-free oxidation of a C–H bond under mild conditions is proposed. Irradiation of visible light to fluorene in a non-polar solvent in the presence of rutile-type TiO₂ and O₂ induced oxidation of the C–H bond, resulting in the production of fluorenone with a high yield.

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CC01436K
Article type: Communication
Submitted: 14 Mar 2025
Accepted: 01 Jul 2025
First published: 02 Jul 2025
This article is Open Access

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Chem. Commun., 2025, Advance Article

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C–H bond activation of fluorene over a TiO₂ photocatalyst by ligand-to-metal charge transfer under visible light irradiation

K. Yoshida, A. Tanaka and H. Kominami, Chem. Commun., 2025, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D5CC01436K

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