Issue 27, 2024

Photoluminescent organic crystals and co-crystals

Abstract

Crystal engineering is a potential strategy to design functional materials, including solid-state emitters. The design and development of organic emitters are of multi-fold significance as they are applied in fields ranging from biology to industry, defence and artificial intelligence. Herein, we discuss crystal engineering–based developments in crystalline organic solid-state emitters. We highlight the understanding and realization of emission tuning in multi-component crystalline materials and provide insights into their structure–property relationship, yielding important generalizations. Moreover, for the benefit of early researchers, a discussion on fundamental aspects such as mechanistic and crystal packing insights into solid-state emissions is provided. Subsequently, structure–property relationship studies are discussed considering the nature of π-aggregates (H, J, X and I) and polymorphism. A comprehensive account of different classes of multi-component systems to realise emission tuning in organic crystals is provided, including recent advances such as the development of hetero-structures through epitaxial growth and hydrogen-bonded frameworks (HOFs), in addition to doping and co-crystallization. Finally, a concise summary and future outlook on the scope of crystal engineering intervention for the design of next-generation organic crystalline emissive materials are provided.

Graphical abstract: Photoluminescent organic crystals and co-crystals

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
09 Apr 2024
Accepted
29 May 2024
First published
07 Jun 2024

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024,12, 9888-9913

Photoluminescent organic crystals and co-crystals

A. A. Dar and A. A. Malik, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, 12, 9888 DOI: 10.1039/D4TC01453G

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