Chiral three-dimensional organic–inorganic lead iodide hybrid semiconductors

Abstract

Chiral hybrid metal halides (CHMHs) have received a considerable amount of attention in chiroptoelectronics, spintronics, and ferroelectrics due to their superior optoelectrical properties and structural flexibility. Owing to limitations in synthesis, the theoretical prediction of room-temperature stable chiral three-dimensional (3D) CHFClNH₃PbI₃ has not been successfully prepared, and the optoelectronic properties of such structures cannot be studied. Herein, we have successfully constructed two pairs of chiral 3D lead iodide hybrids (R/S/Rac-3AEP)Pb₂I₆ (3R/S/Rac, 3AEP = 3-(1-aminoethyl)pyridin-1-ium) and (R/S/Rac-2AEP)Pb₂I₆ (2R/S/Rac, 2AEP = 2-(1-aminoethyl)pyridin-1-ium) through chiral introduction and ortho substitution strategies, and obtained bulk single crystals of 3R/S/Rac. The 3R/S exhibits optical activity and bulk photovoltaic effect induced by chirality. The 3R crystal device exhibits stable circularly polarized light performance at 565 nm with a maximum anisotropy factor of 0.07, responsivity of 0.25 A W⁻¹, and detectivity of 3.4 × 10¹² jones. This study provides new insights into the synthesis of chiral 3D lead halide hybrids and the development of chiral electronic devices.