Agri-waste derived electroactive carbon–iron oxide nanocomposite for oxygen reduction reaction: an experimental and theoretical study

Abstract

Herein, we have utilized agri-waste and amalgamating low Fe³⁺, to develop an economic iron oxide–carbon hybrid-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with water as a main product following close to 4e⁻ transfer process. The electrocatalytic activity is justified by electrochemical active surface area, synergetic effect, and density functional theory calculations.