Issue 3, 2024

Graphene-based crown-cork-like macrostructures

Abstract

In recent years, many attempts have been made to fabricate large and complex three-dimensional carbon structures. The present research demonstrates the formation of novel graphene-based macrostructures having lateral sizes of several tens of micrometers, i.e., crown cork structures consisting of stacks of curved multilayer graphene via a chemical vapor deposition method. Based on the elemental, structural and morphological analyses using Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, their origin and formation mechanism are fully discussed. The carburizing Fe at high temperatures in the presence of CH4 initially results in the growth of C precipitates on the Fe substrate surface. At this stage, the Fe substrate exhibits a pearlite structure with thin alternating layers of Fe3C and α-Fe. In contrast, the C precipitates are multilayer graphene with a crystal structure of well crystalline graphite. Providing additional C leads to the continuous growth of graphene flakes extending downward from the periphery of multilayer graphene grains into the bulk direction. This results in a stacked structure comprising curved microcrystals on the Fe surface. Employing a solid-state reaction using Fe as both a catalyst and a substrate, we have found a new growth form in the precipitation process of C in Fe, established a synthesis method, and obtained new hybrid structures that can be used for electromagnetic response substances and long-term anti-corrosion coatings. The fabrication of macrostructures having complex shapes via this technique could allow the design of carbon materials having unique structures with extremely few defects.

Graphical abstract: Graphene-based crown-cork-like macrostructures

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Research Article
Submitted
07 Sep 2023
Accepted
28 Nov 2023
First published
30 Nov 2023

Mater. Chem. Front., 2024,8, 814-823

Graphene-based crown-cork-like macrostructures

K. Hiratochi, D. Terada, H. Suga, M. Okada, K. Bando, T. Kodaira, T. Yamada, T. Shimizu, K. Saiki and T. Kubo, Mater. Chem. Front., 2024, 8, 814 DOI: 10.1039/D3QM00992K

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