Issue 18, 2024

Enhanced white rot control in garlic bulbil using organic–inorganic hybrid materials as coating membranes

Abstract

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials have a range of applications due to their unique properties. Their application in agriculture brings alternatives for the controlled release of nutrients in the soil, the seed coating, the transport of herbicides, and the treatment of plant diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the use of fungicides incorporated into hybrid membranes formed by synthetic hectorite (LAPONITE®) and polymers in the pre-treatment of garlic bulbils exposed to the pathogen Stromatinia cepivora, which causes white rot. The coatings were selected by a germination test, based on the bulbil sprouting index, and by a mycelial growth inhibition test, based on the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The chosen membranes were used to coat the bulbils for bioassays conducted in a biochemical oxygen demand incubator at 17 °C. The coated bulbils were planted in soil samples containing three different densities of Stromatinia cepivora: 0.1 g, 1.0 g, and 10 g of sclerotium per L of soil. Membranes containing 2% carboxymethyl cellulose and 2% LAPONITE® incorporated with (i) the fungicide tebuconazole (36 mg L−1) and (ii) the combination of the actives tebuconazole (36 mg L−1) and triadimenol (62 mg L−1) showed the total rate of sprouting and null indices of incidence of symptoms and mortality in its repetitions. The hybrid membranes were characterized employing several techniques, including X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry coupled to mass spectrometry, and optical microscopy. Characterization data confirmed the presence of fungicides incorporated into the membranes. Some concentrations of fungicides were low enough not to be detected in all analyses performed, although they guaranteed a protective character to the bulbils about the fungus S. cepivora present in the soil, with a possibility of antifungal pre-treatment with a potential reduction in the concentration used.

Graphical abstract: Enhanced white rot control in garlic bulbil using organic–inorganic hybrid materials as coating membranes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
31 Jan 2024
Accepted
05 Apr 2024
First published
08 Apr 2024

Dalton Trans., 2024,53, 7880-7889

Enhanced white rot control in garlic bulbil using organic–inorganic hybrid materials as coating membranes

L. A. D. M. Bessa, M. L. F. Nazário, C. M. S. Izumi, V. R. L. Constantino, V. Lourenço, E. A. Lopes, E. S. G. Mizubuti and J. Tronto, Dalton Trans., 2024, 53, 7880 DOI: 10.1039/D4DT00301B

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