First 4,7-oxygenated 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides: synthesis, tautomerism and complexation with REE nitrates

Abstract

A new family of phenanthroline ligands was prepared. Hydrolysis of 4,7-dihalogenated 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides in acidic media leads to the formation of the corresponding 4,7-oxygenated derivatives. These ligands can exist in different tautomeric forms. The tautomerism of 4,7-oxygenated phenanthroline diamides has been investigated using quantum chemical calculations. The unsymmetrical oxo-hydroxy tautomeric form was proved to be the most energetically advantageous according to the spectral data and X-ray analysis. It was shown that 4,7-difluoro derivatives undergo acid hydrolysis more easily when compared to 4,7-dichloro derivatives. The coordination chemistry of 4,7-oxygenated 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides toward some lanthanide nitrates was investigated. The structures of Ln-complexes thus formed were studied both in the solid state and in solution (XRD analysis and IR, NMR and UV spectroscopy). It was revealed that 4,7-oxygenated ligands adopt the dihydroxy tautomeric form upon coordination with lanthanide nitrates.