Sb nanoparticles embedded uniformly on the surface of porous carbon fibres for high-efficiency sodium storage

Abstract

Sb nanoparticles (∼50 nm) are embedded uniformly on the surface of carbon fibers (Sb NPs–SCFs) without scattered Sb NPs. The Sb NPs–CNFs anode exhibits excellent sodium storage, delivering a second cycle discharge capacity of 455.7 mA h g⁻¹ at 1.0 A g⁻¹ and a stable capacity of 381.9 mA h g⁻¹ after 200 cycles, achieving a notable retention of 83.8%.