Impact of Inorganic/Organic Nanomaterials on the Immune System for Disease Treatment

Abstract

The study of nanomaterials' nature, function, and biocompatibility highlights their potential in drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Advancements in nanotechnology have fostered the development and application of diverse nanomaterials. These materials facilitate drug delivery and influence the immune system directly. Yet, understanding their impact on the immune system is incomplete, underscoring the need to select materials to achieve desired outcomes carefully. This review examines the effects of inorganic nanomaterials, such as aluminum, manganese, calcium, gold, and silicon dioxide, as well as organic nanomaterials, including polymers and lipid nanoparticles, on the immune system. It further discusses strategies to optimize nanomaterial design and control to maximize their therapeutic impact.