Issue 35, 2023

Galactomannan-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype in human macrophages

Abstract

Macrophages are immune cells that can be activated into either pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Attempts to modulate macrophage phenotype using drugs have been limited by targeting issues and systemic toxicity. This study investigates the effect of drug-free self-assembled hydrolyzed galactomannan-poly(methyl methacrylate) (hGM-g-PMMA) nanoparticles on the activation of the human monocyte-derived macrophage THP-1 cell line. Nanoparticles are cell compatible and are taken up by macrophages. RNA-sequencing analysis of cells exposed to NPs reveal the upregulation of seven metallothionein genes. Additionally, the secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon exposure of unpolarized macrophages and M1-like cells obtained by activation with lipopolysaccharide + interferon-γ to the NPs is reduced and increased, respectively. Finally, nanoparticle-treated macrophages promote fibroblast migration in vitro. Overall, results demonstrate that hGM-g-PMMA nanoparticles induce the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines by THP-1 macrophages, which could pave the way for their application in the therapy of different inflammatory conditions, especially by local delivery.

Graphical abstract: Galactomannan-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype in human macrophages

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 Jun 2023
Accepted
07 Aug 2023
First published
11 Aug 2023

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023,11, 8471-8483

Galactomannan-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype in human macrophages

A. Sosnik, I. Zlotver and E. Peled, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 8471 DOI: 10.1039/D3TB01397A

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