Graphene oxide offers precise molecular sieving, structural integrity, microplastic removal, and closed-loop circularity in water-remediating membranes through a covalent adaptable network

Abstract

Herein, a scalable method was adopted for hosting membrane reusability via a technique in which a covalent adaptable network was installed in the membrane by covalently anchoring an interpenetrating polymeric network membrane with a Diels–Alder adduct. The membrane was then used for water treatment applications. The presence of the laterally large GO sheets in the membrane matrix helped to control the pore size and contributed towards significant separation performance. The fabricated membrane was characterized by high water flux and nearly 97% rejection of stringent contaminants, including dyes and ions. The hydrophilic membrane surface helped in exhibiting antifouling characteristics and assisted in hitting the age-old selectivity–permeability offset. The cytocompatibility of the designed membranes added required leverage in terms of real-time deployment. The recyclability of the membranes enabled by the dynamic bonds augmented the retention of mechanical properties and satisfactory water-remediating features. This study has the potential to buffer the ill effects of microplastic pollution generated by the deplorable management of membrane disposal and provide a quick remedy in terms of cleaner and greener membranes.