Issue 23, 2023

Organ-on-chip systems as a model for nanomedicine

Abstract

Nanomedicine is giving rise to increasing numbers of successful drugs, including cancer treatments, molecular imaging agents, and novel vaccine formulations. However, traditionally available model systems offer limited clinical translation and, compared to the number of preclinical studies, the approval rate of nanoparticles (NPs) for clinical use remains disappointingly low. A new paradigm of modeling biological systems on microfluidic chips has emerged in the last decade and is being gradually adopted by the nanomedicine community. These systems mimic tissues, organs, and diseases like cancer, on devices with small physical footprints and complex geometries. In this review, we report studies that used organ-on-chip approaches to study the interactions of NPs with biological systems. We present examples of NP toxicity studies, studies using biological NPs such as viruses, as well as modeling biological barriers and cancer on chip. Organ-on-chip systems present an exciting opportunity and can provide a renewed direction for the nanomedicine community.

Graphical abstract: Organ-on-chip systems as a model for nanomedicine

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
11 Apr 2023
Accepted
08 May 2023
First published
17 May 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 9927-9940

Organ-on-chip systems as a model for nanomedicine

M. Stavrou, N. Phung, J. Grimm and C. Andreou, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 9927 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR01661G

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