Issue 1, 2023

Fabrication of PANI/MWCNT supercapacitors based on a chitosan binder and aqueous electrolyte for enhanced energy storage

Abstract

In the mainstream renewable and sustainable nanotechnology, supercapacitors have emerged as critical energy conversion and storage systems. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising electrode materials in supercapacitors due to their excellent ability to conduct electricity and their high specific surface area. Due to its wide range of pseudocapacitive performance along with various oxidation states, polyaniline (PANI) has been widely used in energy storage applications as an electroactive material. In this study, the development of hybrid composite electrode materials containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and conductive polyaniline (PANI) with different aniline/carbon ratios by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization is discussed. In the resulting PANI/MWCNT composites the CNTs are completely coated with PANI as concluded from scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and conductivity studies. The electrochemical performances of the electrodes produced with an eco-friendly chitosan binder were investigated with 0.5 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) curves of PANI/MWCNT composites show that the pseudo-capacitance of PANI improves the final electrochemical performance of the composites compared to that of pristine MWCNTs. While pure MWCNTs have a specific capacitance of 21.8 F g−1 and energy density of 0.7 W h kg−1, the PANI/MWCNT (30 : 1) composite exhibits a high specific capacitance of 300 F g−1 and energy density of 9.8 W h kg−1. However, the presence of CNTs stabilizes the cycling performance of the composite electrode materials.

Graphical abstract: Fabrication of PANI/MWCNT supercapacitors based on a chitosan binder and aqueous electrolyte for enhanced energy storage

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
25 May 2023
Accepted
31 Jul 2023
First published
29 Aug 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Appl. Polym., 2023,1, 97-110

Fabrication of PANI/MWCNT supercapacitors based on a chitosan binder and aqueous electrolyte for enhanced energy storage

E. Inci Yesilyurt, J. Pionteck, F. Simon and B. Voit, RSC Appl. Polym., 2023, 1, 97 DOI: 10.1039/D3LP00061C

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