Issue 17, 2023

Current trends in the detection and removal of heavy metal ions using functional materials

Abstract

The shortage of freshwater resources caused by heavy metal pollution is an acute global issue, which has a great impact on environmental protection and human health. Therefore, the exploitation of new strategies for designing and synthesizing green, efficient, and economical materials for the detection and removal of heavy metal ions is crucial. Among the various methods for the detection and removal of heavy ions, advanced functional systems including nanomaterials, polymers, porous materials, and biomaterials have attracted considerable attention over the past several years due to their capabilities of real-time detection, excellent removal efficiency, anti-interference, quick response, high selectivity, and low limit of detection. In this tutorial review, we review the general design principles underlying the aforementioned functional materials, and in particular highlight the fundamental mechanisms and specific examples of detecting and removing heavy metal ions. Additionally, the methods which enhance water purification quality using these functional materials have been reviewed, also current challenges and opportunities in this exciting field have been highlighted, including the fabrication, subsequent treatment, and potential future applications of such functional materials. We envision that this tutorial review will provide invaluable guidance for the design of functional materials tailored towards the detection and removal of heavy metals, thereby expediting the development of high-performance materials and fostering the development of more efficient approaches to water pollution remediation.

Graphical abstract: Current trends in the detection and removal of heavy metal ions using functional materials

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
06 May 2023
First published
02 Aug 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2023,52, 5827-5860

Current trends in the detection and removal of heavy metal ions using functional materials

M. Li, Q. Shi, N. Song, Y. Xiao, L. Wang, Z. Chen and T. D. James, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2023, 52, 5827 DOI: 10.1039/D2CS00683A

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