Ultrafast screening of serum for early prediction of diabetes by fractalkine detection

Abstract

Fractalkine is a key biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetes. A smartphone-based mobile device was proposed for the fast screening of serum samples for fractalkine in order to detect the prediabetes stage. The smart device is able to send the data to the cellphone of the patient and of the medical doctor using bluetooth. A screen-printed stochastic electrode was used as the detection tool in the cellular-based mobile device. The sensitivity of the screen-printed stochastic electrode is very high (3.58 × 10³ s⁻¹ g⁻¹ mL), and the limit of determination is very low (2.05 fg mL⁻¹). The screening method is able to perform a qualitative analysis as well as a highly reliable quantitative analysis of fractalkine in serum samples with a recovery (%) vs. ELISA (the standard method) of 99.96 and a relative standard deviation of 3.28. The cost per analysis is very low. No special training is needed for operation of the device.